Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the body’s arteries, which are the main blood vessels. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and expressed with two numbers: systolic and diastolic pressure.

• Systolic pressure (the first, higher number) indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats and pumps blood.
• Diastolic pressure (the second, lower number) represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

A normal blood pressure reading typically falls around 120/80 mmHg. Readings consistently above this level can indicate hypertension (high blood pressure), which can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health complications. Conversely, readings below the normal range may suggest hypotension (low blood pressure), which can lead to dizziness or fainting in some individuals.
Regular monitoring of blood pressure is important for maintaining cardiovascular health, especially for those with risk factors like a family history of hypertension, high stress, or poor dietary habits.